Anatomy-2 information

The subject
Exams
Exam questions
Suggested textbooks

The subject

Anatomy-2 involves the macroscopic structure of the human body including its functional aspects. This is the second part of a two-semester subject. Students get insight into the macroscopic structure of viscera. Anatomy-2 is completed by a semester exam.

The exams

The examination consists of an oral exam at the end of the semester.

Parts of the exam:

• Orientation on the cadaver - identification of anatomical structures studied during the semester and answering the short questions related to them (1 subscore)
• Demonstration of the topics of practical questions (splanchnology-1, splanchnology-2) (2 subscores)

Orientation on the cadaver has the greatest role in determining the final mark.

Exam questions

Splanchnology - 1

1. Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses.
2. Laryngeal cartilages and their connections, cavity of the larynx.
3. Muscles of the larynx, their function and innervation.
4. Oral cavity (except the teeth). The palate and the floor of the oral cavity.
5. The tongue.
6. Description of the teeth, their types, blood supply and innervation.
7. Lymphatic drainage of the oral and nasal cavities, pharynx and larynx.
8. Cavity and parts of the pharynx.
9. Muscles and wall of the pharynx. Clinical importance of para- and retropharyngeal spaces.
10. Surface projections of the pleura, lungs and the heart. Cardiac dullnesses. Points of auscultation of the valves of the heart.
11. The mediastinum. Anterior mediastinum. Intercostal space.
12. The pleura and the pericardium.
13. Atria of the heart.
14. Orifices of the heart. The valves and their function.
15. Ventricles of the heart. Radiogram of the heart.
16. Blood supply of the heart.
17. The structure of cardiac wall. The conducting system and innervation of the heart.
18. The lungs, pulmonary roots, bronchopulmonary segments.
19. Posterior mediastinum.
20. Lymphatic drainage of the thoracic wall and thoracic viscera.
21. The lymphatic system and lymphatic circulation. The main lymphatic trunks.

Splanchnology - 2

1. Regions of the abdomen. Projections and peritoneal relations of the abdominal viscera.
2. The structure of the abdominal wall. Inguinal canal.
3. The peritoneum and the peritoneal cavity.
4. Anatomy, topography, peritoneal relations and blood supply of the stomach.
5. The diaphragm, its apertures and their traversing structures.
6. The hepatoduodenal ligament and its content. The lesser sac.
7. Topography and peritoneal connections of the liver.
8. Parts and surfaces of the liver.
9. Spleen.
10. Duodenum and pancreas.
11. The intestines (except the duodenum and rectum).
12. The celiac trunk and its branches.
13. Superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and their anastomoses. Blood supply of the intestines.
14. Lymphatic drainage of the abdominal organs and the retroperitoneum.
15. Portal vein, porto-systemic shunts, and their medical importance.
16. Topography and capsules of the kidney.
17. Coronal section of the kidney.
18. Content of the retroperitoneum (except the viscera). Abdominal venous systems.
19. Anatomy, topography, blood supply of the urinary bladder and ureter.
20. Anatomy, topography and blood supply of the rectum.
21. Vessels and nerves of the lesser pelvis.
22. Anatomy, topography and blood supply of the ovaries and the uterine tube.
23. Anatomy, position, support, blood supply of the uterus and the vagina.
24. Anatomy, topography and blood supply of the prostate, seminal vesicle and the male urethra.
25. Testis, epididymis and the coverings of the testis. The spermatic cord.
26. Pelvic floor and perineum (muscles, bones, ligaments).
27. External genital organs.
28. Lymphatic drainage of the organs in the lesser pelvis, gonads and external genital organs.
29. Spaces of the lesser pelvis and perineum.

Suggested literature

• Textbooks: see Literature
• And our WEB pages.